Trace the etymology of the following words

Daisy

girl

goodbye

school

silly

window

sputnik

kindergarten

opera

piano

potato

tomato

czar

violin

coffee

cocoa

colonel

alarm

cargo

blitzkrieg

steppe

komsomol

banana

balalaika

State the languages from which the following words were borrowed (the source of borrowing).

Addendum

architect

area

canoe

cheese

intelligent

kindergarten

majesty

nation

paper

place

rouble

saga

soprano

steppe

tomato

umbrella

waltz

Match the etymological doublets (use supplementary material).

Balsam

canal

liquor

major

pauper

salon

shade

shirt

mayor

liqueur

balm

channel

shadow

skirt

saloon

poor

6. Subdivide the following words of native origin into:

a) Indo-European;

b) Germanic;

c) English proper.

Daughter

woman

room

land

cow

moon

sea

red

spring

three

I

lady

always

goose

bear

fox

lord

tree

nose

birch

grey

old

glad

daisy

heart

hand

night

to eat

to see

to make

7. State the etymology of the following words. Write them out in three columns:

a) fully assimilated;

b) partially assimilated;

C) unassimilated.

Explain the reasons for your choice in each case.

Pen

ballet

beet

butter

skin

take

cup

police

distance

garage

phenomenon

large

justice

lesson

criterion

nine

coup d'état

sequence

gay

port

river

loose

autumn

low

uncle

law

convenient

lunar

experiment

skirt

bishop

regime

eau-de-Cologne

8. Translate the following into Russian. State from what languages the following expressions and shortenings are borrowed:

coup d'état

kindergarten

tete-a-tete

blitzkrieg

enfant terrible

persona grata

beau monde

leit-motiv

primadonna

Hun

nazi

sputnik

ballet

football

etc.

e.g.

a.m.

p.m.

Compare the meaning of the following Russian and English words. Consult the dictionary and give other meanings of these words.

характер — character

реализовывать — realize

идея — idea

кондуктор — conductor

акт — act

спекулировать — speculate

агент — agent

иллюминировать — illuminate

агитатор — agitator

иммунитет — immunity

магазин — magazine

инцидент — incident

имитировать — imitate

объект — object

принципиальный — principal

Additional exercises:

What are main ideas of the following texts? Give a short summary (5 sentences) of the texts.

Otto Jespersen

Growth and structure of the English language